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Tri-metal crankshaft main bearings ACL King Subaru FA20 Toyota 4U-GSE

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Set of 10 tri-metal crankshaft main bearing half shells for Subaru FA20 and Toyota 4U-GSE engines (Ø 68 mm).

  • Brands and treatments: ACL Race and King Racing (pMaxKote coating)
  • Fitments: Subaru BRZ (ZC6), Toyota GT86 (ZN6)
  • Engine codes: FA20D, FA20C, FA20, 4U-GSE
  • Available sizes: standard to +0.50 mm, increased clearance versions (HX / STDX)

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  • The Subaru FA20 and Toyota 4U-GSE flat-four engines

    The FA20 is Subaru's 2.0-litre, 16-valve flat-four (boxer) engine, called 4U-GSE at Toyota. It powers the Subaru BRZ (FA20D, FA20C) and the Toyota GT86 (FA20D, 4U-GSE). ACL and King list the same bearing set for these engines: a single set covers the family.

    The crankshaft of these engines runs on five main bearings. Each journal turns between two half shells, one seated in the block and the other in the main bearing cap: they carry the crankshaft. The ACL Race Series and KING RACING tri-metal sets shown here replace them on built engines.

    Tri-metal main bearings

    A tri-metal bearing stacks three layers: a steel back, a copper-lead intermediate layer with high load capacity and an anti-friction running surface that protects the journal. The complete set contains 10 half shells, five pairs for five main bearings.

    An aluminium bi-metal takes around 8,000 psi, a performance tri-metal up to 12,000 psi, 50% more. Hence better resistance and better durability on turbocharged, supercharged and high-revving engines.

    Technical specifications

    Fitment dimensions common to all references
    ACL bearings
    Crankshaft journal Ø 67.985 / 68.009 mm
    Housing bore Ø 73.000 / 73.016 mm
    Width 14.5 mm
    King bearings
    Crankshaft journal Ø 67.985 / 68.009 mm
    Housing bore Ø 73.000 / 73.016 mm
    Width main bearings 1 and 3: 17.5 mm; main bearings 2 and 4: 14.4 mm; main bearing 5: 23.0 mm
    ReferenceBrand and treatmentSizeWall thickness (mm)
    5M8312H-STDACL Race - UntreatedStandard2.505
    5M8312HX-STDACL Race - UntreatedStd, increased clearance (HX)2.492
    5M8312H-.025ACL Race - Untreated+0.025
    5M8312H-.25ACL Race - Untreated+0.25
    5M8312H-.50ACL Race - Untreated+0.50
    MB5745XPGCKing Racing - pMaxKoteStandard2.508
    MB5745XPGC STDXKing Racing - pMaxKoteStd, increased clearance (STDX)2.495
    MB5745XPGC.026King Racing - pMaxKote+0.0262.521
    MB5745XPGC0.25King Racing - pMaxKote+0.252.635
    MB5745XPGC0.5King Racing - pMaxKote+0.502.762

    Running clearance

    The running clearance is the gap between the bearing and the journal where the oil film flows.

    In operation, the crankshaft journal does not rub against the bearing: it rides on this oil film, which carries the load. Clearance sets the thickness of this film: too tight, oil flows poorly, temperature rises and the risk of seizure increases; too loose, oil escapes, the film loses load-carrying capacity and oil pressure drops. The right clearance is the balance between adequate lubrication and a well-maintained oil film.

    Size / gradeWhen to choose itACL Race SeriesKing XPGC
    Standard (STD)Standard journal, not reground0.067 to 0.081 mm0.068 mm - 0.081 mm
    Increased clearance (HX / STDX)Wider clearance: high oil flow, high rpm0.093 to 0.106 mm0.093 mm - 0.106 mm
    +0.025 / +0.026 mmPolished journal0.067 to 0.081 mm0.068 mm - 0.081 mm
    +0.25 mmJournal reground to 0.25 mm0.067 to 0.081 mm0.068 mm - 0.081 mm
    +0.50 mmJournal reground to 0.50 mm0.067 to 0.081 mm0.068 mm - 0.081 mm

    Check at assembly: lay a calibrated strip (Plastigauge) on the journal, tighten the main cap following the manufacturer's procedure, then compare the width of the crushed strip with the gauge to read the clearance.

    Plastigauge

    Order the Plastigauge →

    Technical guide

    The ACL and King main bearings shown here are trimetal bearings, designed for engine building and racing. Compared with an original bearing, they handle far higher loads: they cope with increased power, high rpm or the addition of a turbo or supercharger, where a standard bearing quickly reaches its limit.

    The two brands

    ACLACL Bearing Company, an Australian manufacturer of high-performance engine bearings since 1949, offers with its Race Series precise tri-metal bearings, available in many sizes and proven on built engines worldwide.
    King RacingKing Engine Bearings, an Israeli manufacturer of high-performance engine bearings since the 1960s, offers with its pMax Black tri-metal alloy bearings designed for heavy loads, with a pMaxKote coating (XPGC version).

    Construction and advantages

    CriterionACL Race SeriesKing Racing
    Cross-sectionCross-section of an ACL Race Series trimetal bearingCross-section of a King Racing trimetal bearing
    TypeHigh-performance trimetal bearingHigh-performance trimetal bearing
    Country of manufactureAustraliaIsrael
    ConstructionTrimetal: steel back, copper layer, soft surfaceTrimetal: steel back, copper layer, soft surface
    AlloyRace Series (copper-lead)pMax Black (hardened copper-lead)
    Protective coatingNopMaxKote (XPGC version): polymer coating on the surface that limits wear when lubrication drops (start-ups, thin oil film).
    Available sizesStandard to +0.50 mm (+ increased clearance HX)Standard to +0.50 mm (+ increased clearance STDX)

    Vehicle compatibility

    This main bearing set fits the following vehicles fitted with the Subaru FA20 and Toyota 4U-GSE engines:

    BrandModel (chassis)Engine codePowerYears
    SUBARUBRZ (ZC6) 2.0 (ZC6)FA20D, FA20C200–208 hp2012–
    TOYOTAGT 86 Coupé (ZN6_) 2.0 (ZN6AC_, ZN6BC_, ZN6EY_, ZN6K, ZN6)FA20D, FA20, 4U-GSE200–207 hp2012–